Org. Synth. 1932, 12, 84
DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.012.0084
URAMIL
Submitted by W. W. Hartman and O. E. Sheppard.
Checked by C. S. Marvel and B. H. Wojcik.
1. Procedure
In a
5-l. flask are placed
100 g. (0.44 mole) of nitrobarbituric acid (p. 440) and
600 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the mixture is heated on a boiling
water bath. To the hot mixture are added
250 g. (2.1 gram atoms) of mossy tin and
400 cc. of hydrochloric acid over a period of about thirty minutes; heating is continued until there is no yellow color in the liquid
(Note 1). The solution is treated with about
3 l. more of concentrated hydrochloric acid and heated until all the white solid is in solution.
Norite is added, and the hot mixture is filtered through a
sintered-glass funnel (Note 2). The filtrate is allowed to stand in an
icebox overnight, and then the precipitate
(Note 3) of
uramil is collected on a filter and washed with liberal quantities of
dilute hydrochloric acid and finally with water
(Note 4). The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to about 1 l. and cooled overnight. The additional
uramil thus obtained is collected on a
Büchner funnel and added to the first product
(Note 5). The
uramil is dried in a
desiccator over concentrated
sulfuric acid, and finally over
40 per cent sodium hydroxide to remove
hydrochloric acid (Note 6).
Uramil is a fine, white powder which becomes pink to red on standing. The yield of a product which does not melt below 400° is 40–46 g. (63–73 per cent of the theoretical amount).
2. Notes
1.
Nitrobarbituric acid forms a yellow aqueous solution, but, as the color is weak in concentrated
hydrochloric acid solution, no trace of it should show at the end of the reaction.
2.
If a
sintered-glass funnel is not available, the solution may be filtered through a half-inch layer of
decolorizing carbon on a
double filter paper. After the
uramil is once dissolved in the concentrated
hydrochloric acid it comes out of solution very slowly, and, if filtered promptly, the solution may be cooled to 60–80° with little loss of product.
3.
If, as happens occasionally, the
uramil does not crystallize, the solution must be concentrated and cooled again.
4.
Unless the product is washed thoroughly it will contain tin salts.
5.
To test for
uramil an ammoniacal solution is boiled in the air. A positive test is the appearance of a pink color which gradually grows deeper. The reaction proceeds more rapidly in the presence of
mercuric oxide.
6.
If the material is dried in the air or in an oven, a pink product is almost always obtained. The pink color is produced more rapidly if
ammonia or amines are present in the air.
3. Discussion
Uramil has been obtained by boiling
alloxantin with
ammonium chloride;
1 by reduction of
nitrosobarbituric acid or
nitrobarbituric acid with
hydrogen iodide;
2 and by reduction of
alloxan phenylhydrazone with
tin and
hydrochloric acid.
3
Appendix
Chemical Abstracts Nomenclature (Collective Index Number);
(Registry Number)
dilute hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid (7664-93-9)
hydrochloric acid (7647-01-0)
ammonia (7664-41-7)
ammonium chloride (12125-02-9)
sodium hydroxide (1310-73-2)
tin (7440-31-5)
mercuric oxide (21908-53-2)
decolorizing carbon,
Norite (7782-42-5)
hydrogen iodide (10034-85-2)
Nitrobarbituric acid (480-68-2)
Uramil (118-78-5)
alloxantin (76-24-4)
nitrosobarbituric acid
alloxan phenylhydrazone
Copyright © 1921-, Organic Syntheses, Inc. All Rights Reserved