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Org. Synth. 1953, 33, 11
DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.033.0011
BENZHYDRYL β-CHLOROETHYL ETHER
[Ether, benzohydryl 2-chloroethyl]
Submitted by Shigehiko Sugasawa and Kunio Fujiwara1.
Checked by N. J. Leonard, P. D. Thomas, and L. A. Miller.
1. Procedure
In a 500-ml. three-necked round-bottomed flask equipped with a sealed stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a dropping funnel are placed 36 g. (0.45 mole) of ethylene chlorohydrin (Note 1), 5 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid, and 35 ml. of benzene. The mixture is warmed on a water bath, and to it is added, with efficient stirring, a solution of 55 g. (0.30 mole) of benzhydrol (Note 2) in 65 ml. of benzene (Note 3) during 30–50 minutes. The reaction mixture is heated at the reflux temperature for an additional 4 hours with stirring. To the cooled mixture is added about 35 ml. of benzene, and the combined benzene layer is washed with water and dried over calcium chloride. The drying agent is removed, the benzene is evaporated, and the residue is distilled under reduced pressure. The benzhydryl β-chloroethyl ether is collected at 144–148°/1.0 mm. (174–177°/4 mm.) as a colorless, viscous oil, n30D 1.5651, which should be removed from the receiver to a beaker or Erlenmeyer flask immediately after the distillation. The oil solidifies to a hard white mass, m.p. 27.4–27.8°, when kept in an ice chest (Note 4). The yield is 60.0–65.3 g. (81–88%).
2. Notes
1. Commercial ethylene chlorohydrin is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled before use; b.p. 126–127°/743 mm. Excess is used to avoid the formation of dibenzhydryl ether as a by-product.
2. Eastman Kodak Company benzhydrol, m.p. 67–67.5°, can be used directly.
3. It is necessary to warm the mixture in order to complete the solution of benzhydrol in the benzene.
4. The checkers found this product to be analytically pure without recourse to further purification.
3. Discussion
This method is based on the process of the submitters.2

References and Notes
  1. Pharmaceutical Institute, Medical Faculty, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  2. Sugasawa and Fujiwara, J. Pharm. Soc. Japan, 71, 365 (1951) [C. A., 46, 951h (1952)]; Jap. pat. 184,243 (Aug. 12, 1949).

Appendix
Chemical Abstracts Nomenclature (Collective Index Number);
(Registry Number)

Ether, benzohydryl 2-chloroethyl

calcium chloride (10043-52-4)

sulfuric acid (7664-93-9)

Benzene (71-43-2)

sodium sulfate (7757-82-6)

ethylene chlorohydrin (107-07-3)

Benzhydryl β-chloroethyl ether (32669-06-0)

benzhydrol (91-01-0)

dibenzhydryl ether (574-42-5)