Org. Synth. 1962, 42, 14
DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.042.0014
2-ALLYLCYCLOHEXANONE
[Cyclohexanone, 2-allyl-]
Submitted by W. L. Howard and N. B. Lorette
1.
Checked by Melvin S. Newman and W. S. Gaugh.
1. Procedure
A solution of 196 g. (1 mole) of cyclohexanone diallyl acetal (Note 1), 150 g. of toluene, and 0.10 g. of p-toluenesulfonic acid is distilled through a good fractionating column (Note 2). In about 3 hours, 110 g. of distillate boiling at 91–92° (Note 3) is obtained and the temperature in the head then rises abruptly. The residue in the distilling flask is cooled and washed with 5 ml. of aqueous potassium carbonate to remove the acid. The remaining solution is passed through a filter containing anhydrous powdered magnesium sulfate and returned to the still. Most of the remaining toluene is removed by distillation at 100 mm. pressure (b.p. 52°). The receiver is changed, the pressure is reduced to 15 mm., and the last of the toluene is collected in a cold trap. The residual oil is rapidly vacuum-distilled to separate the product from a higher-boiling residue. Redistillation yields 117–126 g. (85–91%) of 2-allylcyclohexanone, b.p. 86–88°/15 mm., nD25 1.4670.
2. Notes
1.
The preparation of
cyclohexanone diallyl acetal is described on
p. 292.
2.
A
14-in. helices-packed column is sufficient.
3.
This distillate is the azeotrope of
toluene and
allyl alcohol whose composition is about
50% allyl alcohol by weight.
2
3. Discussion
2-Allylcyclohexanone has been prepared from the
sodium derivative of cyclohexanone by alkylation with
allyl bromide3 or with
allyl iodide,
4 and by ketonic hydrolysis of
ethyl 1-allyl-2-ketocyclohexanecarboxylate.
5,6
4. Merits of Preparation
This procedure, when combined with the preparation of allyl ketals
(p. 292), provides a general method for obtaining allyl substitution alpha to a carbonyl group. A discussion of some of these applications, as well as the vinyl allyl ether rearrangement which is involved, has been given by Hurd and Pollack.
7 Also, the procedure can be repeated to allow the introduction of more than one allyl group.
Appendix
Chemical Abstracts Nomenclature (Collective Index Number);
(Registry Number)
sodium derivative of cyclohexanone
potassium carbonate (584-08-7)
Allyl bromide (106-95-6)
Allyl alcohol (107-18-6)
allyl iodide (556-56-9)
toluene (108-88-3)
magnesium sulfate (7487-88-9)
2-Allylcyclohexanone,
Cyclohexanone, 2-allyl- (94-66-6)
ethyl 1-allyl-2-ketocyclohexanecarboxylate
Cyclohexanone diallyl acetal (53608-84-7)
p-toluenesulfonic acid (104-15-4)
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