Org. Synth. 1946, 26, 60
DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.026.0060
p-NITROPHENYLARSONIC ACID
[Benzenearsonic acid, p-nitro-]
Submitted by A. Wayne Ruddy and Edgar B. Starkey.
Checked by Cliff S. Hamilton and Richard E. Benson.
1. Procedure
In a 2-l. beaker provided with an efficient mechanical stirrer, 52 g. (0.4 mole) of sodium metaarsenite and 16 g. (0.4 mole) of sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 600 ml. of water (Note 1) and 6 g. of cuprous chloride is suspended in the solution.
A mixture of 300 ml. of water and the
p-nitrobenzenediazonium borofluoride1 obtained from
0.25 mole of p-nitroaniline (Note 2) is added during a period of 1 hour to the
sodium arsenite solution. The foaming that accompanies the evolution of
nitrogen is readily controlled by the occasional addition of small amounts of
ether or
benzene (Note 3). As the reaction proceeds,
100 ml. of 10% sodium hydroxide solution (0.25 mole) is added in 20-ml. portions. Stirring is continued for another hour, and then the mixture is warmed to 60° for 30 minutes and filtered with suction through a
sintered-glass funnel. The residue on the funnel is washed with two 50-ml. portions of water. To the combined filtrate and washings is added concentrated
hydrochloric acid (sp. gr. 1.19) until the solution is acid to litmus paper. The mixture is filtered, activated charcoal is added to the filtrate, and the solution is concentrated to about 350 ml. After the hot solution has been filtered with suction, concentrated
hydrochloric acid is added until the solution is acid to Congo red paper. The solution is placed in a
refrigerator overnight, and the crystals are collected on a
Büchner funnel and washed twice with 20-ml. portions of ice water. The combined filtrates and washings are concentrated to about 150 ml., chilled, and filtered. The total quantity of crystals is dissolved in
10% ammonium hydroxide solution; the solution is filtered and again made acid to Congo red paper with concentrated
hydrochloric acid. After the solution has been thoroughly chilled (preferably overnight), the
p-nitrophenylarsonic acid is filtered on a Büchner funnel and washed with small portions of ice water until free of
ammonium chloride. After drying, the yellow crystals melt with decomposition at
298–300.° The yield is
44–48.5 g. (
71–79%)
(Note 4).
2. Notes
1.
The
sodium arsenite solution may also be prepared by dissolving
39.6 g. (0.2 mole) of arsenious oxide and
32 g. (0.8 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 600 ml. of water.
2.
According to the submitters
p-nitrobenzenediazonium borofluoride may also be prepared as follows:
p-Nitroaniline (34.5 g.) is dissolved in 63 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid (sp. gr. 1.19) and 50 ml. of water. The solution is cooled to 0°, and 17.3 g. of sodium nitrite in 40 ml. of water is added slowly with vigorous stirring. After the diazotization is complete, as indicated by a positive test with starch iodide paper, a solution of 55 g. of sodium fluoborate in 110 ml. of water is added. The thick slurry is stirred for 15 minutes and then filtered with suction and washed with ice water, twice with methanol, and twice with ether. The solid should be sucked as free as possible from liquid after each washing. The compound may be kept in an evacuated desiccator until needed.
3.
The checkers found that the foaming is more readily controlled by
amyl alcohol than by the addition of
ether or
benzene.
4.
This is a general method for preparing arylarsonic acids. The melting points and yields of other arsonic acids prepared by the submitters are as follows:
phenyl,
156°,
58%;
o-nitrophenyl,
232–234° dec.,
67%;
m-nitrophenyl,
182°,
47%;
o-tolyl,
159–160°,
63%;
m-tolyl,
150°,
54%;
p-tolyl,
300° dec.,
73%;
o-chlorophenyl,
182°,
52%;
p-chlorophenyl,
above 300°,
63%;
o-carboxyphenyl,
above 300°,
65%;
p-carboxyphenyl,
232° dec.,
67%;
p-carbethoxyphenyl,
260°,
60%;
p-acetophenyl,
175°,
70%.
3. Discussion
p-Nitrophenylarsonic acid has been prepared by heating
p-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride with
arsenious acid in
hydrochloric acid,
2 by the action of
p-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride on
sodium arsenite,
3 by the action of
sodium arsenite on
sodium p-nitrobenzeneisodiazo oxide,
4 by the diazotization of
p-nitroaniline in
acetic acid in the presence of
arsenic chloride and
cuprous chloride,
5 and by the reaction of
p-nitrobenzenediazonium borofluoride with
sodium arsenite in the presence of
cuprous chloride.
6
Appendix
Chemical Abstracts Nomenclature (Collective Index Number);
(Registry Number)
arsenious acid
arsenious oxide
sodium metaarsenite
sodium p-nitrobenzeneisodiazo oxide
hydrochloric acid (7647-01-0)
acetic acid (64-19-7)
Benzene (71-43-2)
methanol (67-56-1)
ether (60-29-7)
ammonium chloride (12125-02-9)
sodium hydroxide (1310-73-2)
nitrogen (7727-37-9)
sodium nitrite (7632-00-0)
sodium arsenite
cuprous chloride (7758-89-6)
ammonium hydroxide (1336-21-6)
amyl alcohol (71-41-0)
Phenylarsonic acid (98-05-5)
sodium fluoborate (13755-29-8)
arsenic chloride
p-Nitrophenylarsonic acid,
Benzenearsonic acid, p-nitro- (98-72-6)
p-nitroaniline (100-01-6)
p-nitrobenzenediazonium borofluoride (456-27-9)
p-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride
o-nitrophenylarsonic acid
m-nitrophenylarsonic acid
o-tolylarsonic acid
m-tolylarsonic acid
p-tolylarsonic acid
o-chlorophenylarsonic acid
p-chlorophenylarsonic acid
o-carboxyphenylarsonic acid
p-carboxyphenylarsonic acid
p-carbethoxyphenylarsonic acid
p-acetophenylarsonic acid
Copyright © 1921-, Organic Syntheses, Inc. All Rights Reserved